Morbidity of high risk cardiovascular disease reduces diabetic complications since one affects the other. Past and current studies like randomized controlled clinical trials or RCTs define the scientific basis of contemporary diabetes care have clearly and unambiguously demonstrated the benefits of meticulous glycemic control, aggressive blood pressure control, control of lipid abnormalities, laser photocoagulation, and aspirin therapy. Contemporary diabetes care practices have a strong evidence base. These include studies in established diabetes, which are designed to measure the effects of glycemic control on chronic complications, and studies in pre-diabetes, which are designed to prevent progression to diabetes.

Diabetes and Specific Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) 

Atherosclerotic Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

Both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are independent risk factors for CHD. However, morbidity of risk cardiovascular disease or CHD reduces diabetic complications. While myocardial ischemia due to coronary atherosclerosis commonly occurs without symptoms in patients with diabetes, atherosclerosis that is of many vessel occurs before ischemic symptoms appear, moreso, before treatment. If CHD detection is delayed, it can lessen the survival of many diabetic patients and preventing it can help improve conditions in diabetic patients.

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

One reason for the poor prognosis in patients with both diabetes and ischemic heart disease seems to be an enhanced myocardial dysfunction leading to accelerated heart failure (diabetic cardiomyopathy).

Stroke

The most common site of cerebrovascular disease in patients with diabetes is occlusion of small paramedial penetrating arteries. Diabetes also increases the likelihood of severe carotid atherosclerosis.
Morbidity of high risk cardiovascular disease reduces diabetic complication such as renal disease. Renal Disease is a common and often severe complication of diabetes.

Predisposing Risk Factors

Diabetes and CVD risk factors are obesity, physical inactivity, heredity, sex, and advancing age. The mechanisms whereby they predispose to chronic diseases are complex and often overlapping. To some extent, these predisposing factors exacerbate the major risk factors: dyslipidemia, hypertension, and glucose tolerance; and they may cause CVD and diabetes mellitus through other pathways as well.

Atherogenic Dyslipidemia is characterized by three lipoprotein abnormalities: elevated very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), small LDL particles, and low high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (the lipid triad).

Hypertension  nonetheless is a multifactorial disorder, and the mechanistic connections between insulin resistance and hypertension are largely conjectural; even so, evidence for a causal link is growing.

Elevated Plasma Glucose the first abnormality in plasma glucose in patients with insulin resistance is IFG (or impaired glucose tolerance).

Cigarette Smoking is a leading risk factor for CVD.

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